The book has been praised by some commentators and compared to the psychoanalyst Ernest Jones 's The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud (19531957). The book was first published in the United Kingdom by J. No one reading this concluding volume of Peter Gay's magnificentrevaluation of the nineteenth century will ever again use the term Victorian as a synonym for dull. Freud: A Life for Our Time is a 1988 biography of Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, by the historian Peter Gay. The stage is thus set for the explosion of modernism accompanied by an inevitable reaction against the subversive avant-garde of artists, composers, and writers as varied as Cezanne, Picasso, Stravinsky, Shaw, Ibsen, and Zola. Some of the individuals in this richly peopled narrative turn on their own class, none more bitterly than Gustave Flaubert others celebrate their success, whether in Manchester or in Munich, by sponsoring symphony orchestras or establishing museums still others become cultural hunters and gatherers, turning their newly acquired fortunes to the private accumulation of art, ranging from the 'safe' works of the old masters to the daring innovations of the Impressionists. What they share is an anxiety, driven by their concern to advance up the social pyramid or at least to maintain the status they have achieved. They are instead a varied crowd, from the capitalists in the top tier of the bourgeoisie eager to be recognized as gentlemen or, better yet, dubbed as nobility to those at the bottom of the pile, the clerks and craftsmen mortally afraid of sinking into the mass of the proletariat. For the Victorians we meet in this volume are not the stodgy, complacent characters of drawing-room comedy. So Peter Gay opens his newest and perhaps most surprising work. In uncovering the roots of modernism, a master historian shows us a hidden side of the Victorian era, the role of the bourgeois as reactionaries, revolutionaries, and middle-of-the-roaders in the passage of high culture toward modernism.'In the Victorian decades, the name bourgeois was at once a term of reproach and a source of self-respect'.

Freud by Peter Gay